esphome-docs/components/datetime/index.rst

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Datetime Component
==================
.. seo::
:description: Instructions for setting up datetime components in ESPHome.
:image: folder-open.svg
ESPHome has support for components to create a datetime entity. A datetime entity
currently represents a date that can be set by the user/frontend.
.. note::
Requires Home Assistant 2024.4 or newer.
.. _config-datetime:
Base Datetime Configuration
---------------------------
All datetime in ESPHome have a name and an optional icon.
.. code-block:: yaml
# Example datetime configuration
name: Date to check
# Optional variables:
icon: "mdi:calendar-alert"
Configuration variables:
- **id** (*Optional*, string): Manually specify the ID for code generation. At least one of **id** and **name** must be specified.
- **name** (*Optional*, string): The name for the datetime. At least one of **id** and **name** must be specified.
.. note::
If you have a :ref:`friendly_name <esphome-configuration_variables>` set for your device and
you want the datetime to use that name, you can set ``name: None``.
- **icon** (*Optional*, icon): Manually set the icon to use for the datetime in the frontend.
- **internal** (*Optional*, boolean): Mark this component as internal. Internal components will
not be exposed to the frontend (like Home Assistant). Only specifying an ``id`` without
a ``name`` will implicitly set this to true.
- **disabled_by_default** (*Optional*, boolean): If true, then this entity should not be added to any client's frontend,
(usually Home Assistant) without the user manually enabling it (via the Home Assistant UI).
Defaults to ``false``.
- **entity_category** (*Optional*, string): The category of the entity.
See https://developers.home-assistant.io/docs/core/entity/#generic-properties
for a list of available options.
Set to ``""`` to remove the default entity category.
- **time_id** (**Optional**, :ref:`config-id`): The ID of the time entity. Automatically set
to the ID of a time component if only a single one is defined. Required if ``on_time`` is used.
- If Webserver enabled and version 3 is selected, All other options from Webserver Component.. See :ref:`Webserver Version 3 <config-webserver-version-3-options>`.
MQTT Options:
- All other options from :ref:`MQTT Component <config-mqtt-component>`.
Time and DateTime Options:
- **on_time** (*Optional*, :ref:`automation`): Automation to run when the current datetime or time matches the current state.
Only valid on ``time`` or ``datetime`` types. Use of ``on_time`` causes ``time_id`` to be required, ``time_id`` will be automatically assigned if a time source exists in the config, and will cause an invalid configuration if there is no :doc:`/components/time/index` configured.
Automation
----------
You can access the most recent state as a ``ESPTime`` object by ``id(datetime_id).state_as_esptime()``
.. _datetime-on_value:
``on_value``
************
This automation will be triggered when a new value is published. In :ref:`Lambdas <config-lambda>`
you can get the value as a ESPTime object from the trigger with ``x``.
.. code-block:: yaml
datetime:
- platform: template
# ...
on_value:
then:
- lambda: |-
if(x.hour >= 12) {
ESP_LOGD("main", "Updated hour is later or equal to 12");
} else {
ESP_LOGD("main", "Updated hour is earlier than 12");
}
Configuration variables: See :ref:`Automation <automation>`.
Date Automation
---------------
.. _datetime-date_set_action:
``datetime.date.set`` Action
****************************
This is an :ref:`Action <config-action>` for setting a datetime date state.
The ``date`` provided can be in one of 3 formats:
.. code-block:: yaml
# String date
- datetime.date.set:
id: my_datetime_date
date: "2023-12-04"
# Individual date parts
- datetime.date.set:
id: my_datetime_date
date:
year: 2023
month: 12
day: 4
# Using a lambda
- datetime.date.set:
id: my_datetime_date
date: !lambda |-
// Return an ESPTime struct
return {.day_of_month = 4, .month = 12, .year = 2023};
Configuration variables:
- **id** (**Required**, :ref:`config-id`): The ID of the datetime to set.
- **date** (**Required**, string, date parts, :ref:`templatable <config-templatable>`):
The value to set the datetime to.
.. _datetime-lambda_calls:
lambda calls
************
From :ref:`lambdas <config-lambda>`, you can call several methods on all datetimes to do some
advanced stuff (see the full API Reference for more info).
- ``.make_call()``: Make a call for updating the datetime value.
.. code-block:: cpp
// Within lambda, set the date to 2024-02-25
auto call = id(my_datetime_date).make_call();
call.set_date("2024-02-25");
call.perform();
Check the API reference for information on the methods that are available for
the ``DateCall`` object.
- ``.year``: Retrieve the current year of the ``date``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.month``: Retrieve the current month of the ``date``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.day``: Retrieve the current day of the ``date``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.state_as_esptime()``: Retrieve the current value of the datetime as a :apistruct:`ESPTime` object.
.. code-block:: cpp
// For example, create a custom log message when a value is received:
ESP_LOGI("main", "Value of my datetime: %04d-%02d-%02d", id(my_date).year, id(my_date).month, id(my_date).day);
Time Automation
---------------
.. _datetime-time_set_action:
``datetime.time.set`` Action
****************************
This is an :ref:`Action <config-action>` for setting a datetime time state.
The ``time`` provided can be in one of 3 formats:
.. code-block:: yaml
# String time
- datetime.time.set:
id: my_datetime_time
time: "12:34:56"
# Individual time parts
- datetime.time.set:
id: my_datetime_time
time:
hour: 12
minute: 34
second: 56
# Using a lambda
- datetime.time.set:
id: my_datetime_time
time: !lambda |-
// Return an ESPTime struct
return {.second = 56, .minute = 34, .hour = 12};
Configuration variables:
- **id** (**Required**, :ref:`config-id`): The ID of the datetime to set.
- **time** (**Required**, string, time parts, :ref:`templatable <config-templatable>`):
The value to set the datetime to.
.. _datetime-time-lambda_calls:
lambda calls
************
From :ref:`lambdas <config-lambda>`, you can call several methods on all datetimes to do some
advanced stuff (see the full API Reference for more info).
- ``.make_call()``: Make a call for updating the datetime value.
.. code-block:: cpp
// Within lambda, set the time to 12:34:56
auto call = id(my_datetime_time).make_call();
call.set_time("12:34:56");
call.perform();
Check the API reference for information on the methods that are available for
the ``TimeCall`` object.
- ``.hour``: Retrieve the current hour of the ``time``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.minute``: Retrieve the current minute of the ``time``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.second``: Retrieve the current second of the ``time``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.state_as_esptime()``: Retrieve the current value of the datetime as a :apistruct:`ESPTime` object.
.. code-block:: cpp
// For example, create a custom log message when a value is received:
ESP_LOGI("main", "Value of my datetime: %0d:%02d:%02d", id(my_datetime_time).hour, id(my_datetime_time).minute, id(my_datetime_time).second);
DateTime Automation
-------------------
.. _datetime-datetime_set_action:
``datetime.datetime.set`` Action
********************************
This is an :ref:`Action <config-action>` for setting a datetime datetime state.
The ``datetime`` provided can be in one of 3 formats:
.. code-block:: yaml
# String datetime
- datetime.time.set:
id: my_datetime
datetime: "2024-12-31 12:34:56"
# Individual datetime parts
- datetime.datetime.set:
id: my_datetime
datetime:
year: 2024
month: 12
day: 31
hour: 12
minute: 34
second: 56
# Using a lambda
- datetime.datetime.set:
id: my_datetime
datetime: !lambda |-
// Return an ESPTime struct
return {.second = 56, .minute = 34, .hour = 12, .day_of_month = 31, .month = 12, .year = 2024};
Configuration variables:
- **id** (**Required**, :ref:`config-id`): The ID of the datetime to set.
- **datetime** (**Required**, string, datetime parts, :ref:`templatable <config-templatable>`):
The value to set the datetime to.
.. _datetime-datetime-lambda_calls:
Lambda calls
************
For more complex use cases, several methods are available for use on datetimes from within :ref:`lambdas <config-lambda>`. See the full API Reference for more information.
- ``.make_call()``: Make a call for updating the datetime value.
.. code-block:: cpp
// Within lambda, set the datetime to 2024-12-31 12:34:56
auto call = id(my_datetime).make_call();
call.set_date("2024-12-31 12:34:56");
call.perform();
Check the API reference for information on the methods that are available for
the ``DateTimeCall`` object.
- ``.year``: Retrieve the current year of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.month``: Retrieve the current month of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.day``: Retrieve the current day of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.hour``: Retrieve the current hour of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.minute``: Retrieve the current minute of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.second``: Retrieve the current second of the ``datetime``. It will be ``0`` if no value has been set.
- ``.state_as_esptime()``: Retrieve the current value of the datetime as a :apistruct:`ESPTime` object.
.. code-block:: cpp
// For example, create a custom log message when a value is received:
ESP_LOGI("main", "Value of my datetime: %04d-%02d-%02d %0d:%02d:%02d",
id(my_datetime).year, id(my_datetime).month, id(my_datetime).day,
id(my_datetime).hour, id(my_datetime).minute, id(my_datetime).second);
See Also
--------
- :apiref:`DateTimeBase <datetime/datetime_base.h>`
- :apiref:`DateEntity <datetime/date_entity.h>`
- :apiref:`DateCall <datetime/date_entity.h>`
- :apiref:`TimeEntity <datetime/time_entity.h>`
- :apiref:`TimeCall <datetime/time_entity.h>`
- :apiref:`DateTimeEntity <datetime/datetime_entity.h>`
- :apiref:`DateTimeCall <datetime/datetime_entity.h>`
- :ghedit:`Edit`
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
:glob:
*