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;;; xml.el --- XML parser -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
;; Copyright (C) 2000-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Author: Emmanuel Briot <briot@gnat.com>
;; Maintainer: Mark A. Hershberger <mah@everybody.org>
;; Keywords: xml, data
;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.
;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
;;; Commentary:
;; This file contains a somewhat incomplete non-validating XML parser. It
;; parses a file, and returns a list that can be used internally by
;; any other Lisp libraries.
;;; FILE FORMAT
;; The document type declaration may either be ignored or (optionally)
;; parsed, but currently the parsing will only accept element
;; declarations. The XML file is assumed to be well-formed. In case
;; of error, the parsing stops and the XML file is shown where the
;; parsing stopped.
;;
;; It also knows how to ignore comments and processing instructions.
;;
;; The XML file should have the following format:
;; <node1 attr1="name1" attr2="name2" ...>value
;; <node2 attr3="name3" attr4="name4">value2</node2>
;; <node3 attr5="name5" attr6="name6">value3</node3>
;; </node1>
;; Of course, the name of the nodes and attributes can be anything. There can
;; be any number of attributes (or none), as well as any number of children
;; below the nodes.
;;
;; There can be only top level node, but with any number of children below.
;;; LIST FORMAT
;; The functions `xml-parse-file', `xml-parse-region' and
;; `xml-parse-tag' return a list with the following format:
;;
;; xml-list ::= (node node ...)
;; node ::= (qname attribute-list . child_node_list)
;; child_node_list ::= child_node child_node ...
;; child_node ::= node | string
;; qname ::= (:namespace-uri . "name") | "name"
;; attribute_list ::= ((qname . "value") (qname . "value") ...)
;; | nil
;; string ::= "..."
;;
;; Some macros are provided to ease the parsing of this list.
;; Whitespace is preserved. Fixme: There should be a tree-walker that
;; can remove it.
;; TODO:
;; * xml:base, xml:space support
;; * more complete DOCTYPE parsing
;; * pi support
;;; Code:
;; Note that buffer-substring and match-string were formerly used in
;; several places, because the -no-properties variants remove
;; composition info. However, after some discussion on emacs-devel,
;; the consensus was that the speed of the -no-properties variants was
;; a worthwhile tradeoff especially since we're usually parsing files
;; instead of hand-crafted XML.
;;; Macros to parse the list
(defconst xml-undefined-entity "?"
"What to substitute for undefined entities.")
(defconst xml-default-ns '(("" . "")
("xml" . "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace")
("xmlns" . "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"))
"Alist mapping default XML namespaces to their URIs.")
(defvar xml-entity-alist
'(("lt" . "&#60;")
("gt" . ">")
("apos" . "'")
("quot" . "\"")
("amp" . "&#38;"))
"Alist mapping XML entities to their replacement text.")
(defvar xml-entity-expansion-limit 20000
"The maximum size of entity reference expansions.
If the size of the buffer increases by this many characters while
expanding entity references in a segment of character data, the
XML parser signals an error. Setting this to nil removes the
limit (making the parser vulnerable to XML bombs).")
(defvar xml-parameter-entity-alist nil
"Alist of defined XML parametric entities.")
(defvar xml-sub-parser nil
"Non-nil when the XML parser is parsing an XML fragment.")
(defvar xml-validating-parser nil
"Set to non-nil to get validity checking.")
(defsubst xml-node-name (node)
"Return the tag associated with NODE.
Without namespace-aware parsing, the tag is a symbol.
With namespace-aware parsing, the tag is a cons of a string
representing the uri of the namespace with the local name of the
tag. For example,
<foo>
would be represented by
(\"\" . \"foo\").
If you'd just like a plain symbol instead, use `symbol-qnames' in
the PARSE-NS argument."
(car node))
(defsubst xml-node-attributes (node)
"Return the list of attributes of NODE.
The list can be nil."
(nth 1 node))
(defsubst xml-node-children (node)
"Return the list of children of NODE.
This is a list of nodes, and it can be nil."
(cddr node))
(defun xml-get-children (node child-name)
"Return the children of NODE whose tag is CHILD-NAME.
CHILD-NAME should match the value returned by `xml-node-name'."
(let ((match ()))
(dolist (child (xml-node-children node))
(if (and (listp child)
(equal (xml-node-name child) child-name))
(push child match)))
(nreverse match)))
(defun xml-get-attribute-or-nil (node attribute)
"Get from NODE the value of ATTRIBUTE.
Return nil if the attribute was not found.
See also `xml-get-attribute'."
(cdr (assoc attribute (xml-node-attributes node))))
(defsubst xml-get-attribute (node attribute)
"Get from NODE the value of ATTRIBUTE.
An empty string is returned if the attribute was not found.
See also `xml-get-attribute-or-nil'."
(or (xml-get-attribute-or-nil node attribute) ""))
;;; Regular expressions for XML components
;; The following regexps are used as subexpressions in regexps that
;; are `eval-when-compile'd for efficiency, so they must be defined at
;; compile time.
(eval-and-compile
;; [4] NameStartChar
;; See the definition of word syntax in `xml-syntax-table'.
(defconst xml-name-start-char-re "[[:word:]:_]")
;; [4a] NameChar ::= NameStartChar | "-" | "." | [0-9] | #xB7
;; | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040]
(defconst xml-name-char-re "[[:word:]:_.0-9\u00B7\u0300-\u036F\u203F\u2040-]")
;; [5] Name ::= NameStartChar (NameChar)*
(defconst xml-name-re (concat xml-name-start-char-re xml-name-char-re "*"))
;; [6] Names ::= Name (#x20 Name)*
(defconst xml-names-re (concat xml-name-re "\\(?: " xml-name-re "\\)*"))
;; [7] Nmtoken ::= (NameChar)+
(defconst xml-nmtoken-re (concat xml-name-char-re "+"))
;; [8] Nmtokens ::= Nmtoken (#x20 Nmtoken)*
(defconst xml-nmtokens-re (concat xml-nmtoken-re "\\(?: " xml-name-re "\\)*"))
;; [66] CharRef ::= '&#' [0-9]+ ';' | '&#x' [[:xdigit:]]+ ';'
(defconst xml-char-ref-re "\\(?:&#[0-9]+;\\|&#x[[:xdigit:]]+;\\)")
;; [68] EntityRef ::= '&' Name ';'
(defconst xml-entity-ref (concat "&" xml-name-re ";"))
(defconst xml-entity-or-char-ref-re (concat "&\\(?:#\\(x\\)?\\([[:xdigit:]]+\\)\\|\\("
xml-name-re "\\)\\);"))
;; [69] PEReference ::= '%' Name ';'
(defconst xml-pe-reference-re (concat "%\\(" xml-name-re "\\);"))
;; [67] Reference ::= EntityRef | CharRef
(defconst xml-reference-re (concat "\\(?:" xml-entity-ref "\\|" xml-char-ref-re "\\)"))
;; [10] AttValue ::= '"' ([^<&"] | Reference)* '"'
;; | "'" ([^<&'] | Reference)* "'"
(defconst xml-att-value-re (concat "\\(?:\"\\(?:[^&\"]\\|"
xml-reference-re "\\)*\"\\|"
"'\\(?:[^&']\\|" xml-reference-re
"\\)*'\\)"))
;; [56] TokenizedType ::= 'ID'
;; [VC: ID] [VC: One ID / Element Type] [VC: ID Attribute Default]
;; | 'IDREF' [VC: IDREF]
;; | 'IDREFS' [VC: IDREF]
;; | 'ENTITY' [VC: Entity Name]
;; | 'ENTITIES' [VC: Entity Name]
;; | 'NMTOKEN' [VC: Name Token]
;; | 'NMTOKENS' [VC: Name Token]
(defconst xml-tokenized-type-re (concat "\\(?:ID\\|IDREF\\|IDREFS\\|ENTITY\\|"
"ENTITIES\\|NMTOKEN\\|NMTOKENS\\)"))
;; [58] NotationType ::= 'NOTATION' S '(' S? Name (S? '|' S? Name)* S? ')'
(defconst xml-notation-type-re
(concat "\\(?:NOTATION\\s-+(\\s-*" xml-name-re
"\\(?:\\s-*|\\s-*" xml-name-re "\\)*\\s-*)\\)"))
;; [59] Enumeration ::= '(' S? Nmtoken (S? '|' S? Nmtoken)* S? ')'
;; [VC: Enumeration] [VC: No Duplicate Tokens]
(defconst xml-enumeration-re (concat "\\(?:(\\s-*" xml-nmtoken-re
"\\(?:\\s-*|\\s-*" xml-nmtoken-re
"\\)*\\s-+)\\)"))
;; [57] EnumeratedType ::= NotationType | Enumeration
(defconst xml-enumerated-type-re (concat "\\(?:" xml-notation-type-re
"\\|" xml-enumeration-re "\\)"))
;; [54] AttType ::= StringType | TokenizedType | EnumeratedType
;; [55] StringType ::= 'CDATA'
(defconst xml-att-type-re (concat "\\(?:CDATA\\|" xml-tokenized-type-re
"\\|" xml-enumerated-type-re "\\)"))
;; [60] DefaultDecl ::= '#REQUIRED' | '#IMPLIED' | (('#FIXED' S)? AttValue)
(defconst xml-default-decl-re (concat "\\(?:#REQUIRED\\|#IMPLIED\\|"
"\\(?:#FIXED\\s-+\\)*"
xml-att-value-re "\\)"))
;; [53] AttDef ::= S Name S AttType S DefaultDecl
(defconst xml-att-def-re (concat "\\(?:\\s-*" xml-name-re
"\\s-*" xml-att-type-re
"\\s-*" xml-default-decl-re "\\)"))
;; [9] EntityValue ::= '"' ([^%&"] | PEReference | Reference)* '"'
;; | "'" ([^%&'] | PEReference | Reference)* "'"
(defconst xml-entity-value-re (concat "\\(?:\"\\(?:[^%&\"]\\|"
xml-pe-reference-re
"\\|" xml-reference-re
"\\)*\"\\|'\\(?:[^%&']\\|"
xml-pe-reference-re "\\|"
xml-reference-re "\\)*'\\)"))
) ; End of `eval-and-compile'
;; [75] ExternalID ::= 'SYSTEM' S SystemLiteral
;; | 'PUBLIC' S PubidLiteral S SystemLiteral
;; [76] NDataDecl ::= S 'NDATA' S
;; [73] EntityDef ::= EntityValue| (ExternalID NDataDecl?)
;; [71] GEDecl ::= '<!ENTITY' S Name S EntityDef S? '>'
;; [74] PEDef ::= EntityValue | ExternalID
;; [72] PEDecl ::= '<!ENTITY' S '%' S Name S PEDef S? '>'
;; [70] EntityDecl ::= GEDecl | PEDecl
;; Note that this is setup so that we can do whitespace-skipping with
;; `(skip-syntax-forward " ")', inter alia. Previously this was slow
;; compared with `re-search-forward', but that has been fixed.
(defvar xml-syntax-table
;; By default, characters have symbol syntax.
(let ((table (make-char-table 'syntax-table '(3))))
;; The XML space chars [3], and nothing else, have space syntax.
(dolist (c '(?\s ?\t ?\r ?\n))
(modify-syntax-entry c " " table))
;; The characters in NameStartChar [4], aside from ':' and '_',
;; have word syntax. This is used by `xml-name-start-char-re'.
(modify-syntax-entry '(?A . ?Z) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(?a . ?z) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#xC0 . #xD6) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#xD8 . #XF6) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#xF8 . #X2FF) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x370 . #X37D) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x37F . #x1FFF) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x200C . #x200D) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x2070 . #x218F) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x2C00 . #x2FEF) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x3001 . #xD7FF) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#xF900 . #xFDCF) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#xFDF0 . #xFFFD) "w" table)
(modify-syntax-entry '(#x10000 . #xEFFFF) "w" table)
table)
"Syntax table used by the XML parser.
In this syntax table, the XML space characters [ \\t\\r\\n], and
only those characters, have whitespace syntax.")
;;; Entry points:
;;;###autoload
(defun xml-parse-file (file &optional parse-dtd parse-ns)
"Parse the well-formed XML file FILE.
Return the top node with all its children.
If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, the DTD is parsed rather than skipped.
If PARSE-NS is non-nil, then QNAMES are expanded. By default,
the variable `xml-default-ns' is the mapping from namespaces to
URIs, and expanded names will be returned as a cons
(\"namespace:\" . \"foo\").
If PARSE-NS is an alist, it will be used as the mapping from
namespace to URIs instead.
If it is the symbol `symbol-qnames', expanded names will be
returned as a plain symbol `namespace:foo' instead of a cons.
Both features can be combined by providing a cons cell
(symbol-qnames . ALIST)."
(with-temp-buffer
(insert-file-contents file)
(xml--parse-buffer parse-dtd parse-ns)))
;;;###autoload
(defun xml-parse-region (&optional beg end buffer parse-dtd parse-ns)
"Parse the region from BEG to END in BUFFER.
Return the XML parse tree, or raise an error if the region does
not contain well-formed XML.
If BEG is nil, it defaults to `point-min'.
If END is nil, it defaults to `point-max'.
If BUFFER is nil, it defaults to the current buffer.
If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, parse the DTD and return it as the first
element of the list.
If PARSE-NS is non-nil, then QNAMES are expanded. By default,
the variable `xml-default-ns' is the mapping from namespaces to
URIs, and expanded names will be returned as a cons
(\"namespace:\" . \"foo\").
If PARSE-NS is an alist, it will be used as the mapping from
namespace to URIs instead.
If it is the symbol `symbol-qnames', expanded names will be
returned as a plain symbol `namespace:foo' instead of a cons.
Both features can be combined by providing a cons cell
(symbol-qnames . ALIST)."
;; Use fixed syntax table to ensure regexp char classes and syntax
;; specs DTRT.
(unless buffer
(setq buffer (current-buffer)))
(with-temp-buffer
(insert-buffer-substring-no-properties buffer beg end)
(xml--parse-buffer parse-dtd parse-ns)))
;; XML [5]
;; Fixme: This needs re-writing to deal with the XML grammar properly, i.e.
;; document ::= prolog element Misc*
;; prolog ::= XMLDecl? Misc* (doctypedecl Misc*)?
(defun xml--parse-buffer (parse-dtd parse-ns)
(with-syntax-table xml-syntax-table
(let ((case-fold-search nil) ; XML is case-sensitive.
;; Prevent entity definitions from changing the defaults
(xml-entity-alist xml-entity-alist)
(xml-parameter-entity-alist xml-parameter-entity-alist)
xml result dtd)
(goto-char (point-min))
(while (not (eobp))
(if (search-forward "<" nil t)
(progn
(forward-char -1)
(setq result (xml-parse-tag-1 parse-dtd parse-ns))
(cond
((null result)
;; Not looking at an xml start tag.
(unless (eobp)
(forward-char 1)))
((and xml (not xml-sub-parser))
;; Translation of rule [1] of XML specifications
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Only one root tag allowed"))
((and (listp (car result))
parse-dtd)
(setq dtd (car result))
(if (cdr result) ; possible leading comment
(push (cdr result) xml)))
(t
(push result xml))))
(goto-char (point-max))))
(if parse-dtd
(cons dtd (nreverse xml))
(nreverse xml)))))
(defun xml-maybe-do-ns (name default xml-ns)
"Perform any namespace expansion.
NAME is the name to perform the expansion on.
DEFAULT is the default namespace. XML-NS is a cons of namespace
names to uris. When namespace-aware parsing is off, then XML-NS
is nil.
During namespace-aware parsing, any name without a namespace is
put into the namespace identified by DEFAULT. nil is used to
specify that the name shouldn't be given a namespace.
Expanded names will by default be returned as a cons. If you
would like to get plain symbols instead, provide a cons cell
(symbol-qnames . ALIST)
in the XML-NS argument."
(if (consp xml-ns)
(let* ((symbol-qnames (eq (car-safe xml-ns) 'symbol-qnames))
(nsp (string-match ":" name))
(lname (if nsp (substring name (match-end 0)) name))
(prefix (if nsp (substring name 0 (match-beginning 0)) default))
(special (and (string-equal lname "xmlns") (not prefix)))
;; Setting default to nil will insure that there is not
;; matching cons in xml-ns. In which case we
(ns (or (cdr (assoc (if special "xmlns" prefix)
(if symbol-qnames (cdr xml-ns) xml-ns)))
"")))
(if (and symbol-qnames
(not special)
(not (string= prefix "xmlns")))
(intern (concat ns lname))
(cons ns (if special "" lname))))
(intern name)))
(defun xml-parse-tag (&optional parse-dtd parse-ns)
"Parse the tag at point.
If PARSE-DTD is non-nil, the DTD of the document, if any, is parsed and
returned as the first element in the list.
If PARSE-NS is non-nil, expand QNAMES; for further details, see
`xml-parse-region'.
Return one of:
- a list : the matching node
- nil : the point is not looking at a tag.
- a pair : the first element is the DTD, the second is the node."
(let* ((case-fold-search nil)
;; Prevent entity definitions from changing the defaults
(xml-entity-alist xml-entity-alist)
(xml-parameter-entity-alist xml-parameter-entity-alist)
(buf (current-buffer))
(pos (point)))
(with-temp-buffer
(with-syntax-table xml-syntax-table
(insert-buffer-substring-no-properties buf pos)
(goto-char (point-min))
(xml-parse-tag-1 parse-dtd parse-ns)))))
(defun xml-parse-tag-1 (&optional parse-dtd parse-ns)
"Like `xml-parse-tag', but possibly modify the buffer while working."
(let* ((xml-validating-parser (or parse-dtd xml-validating-parser))
(xml-ns
(cond ((eq parse-ns 'symbol-qnames)
(cons 'symbol-qnames xml-default-ns))
((or (consp (car-safe parse-ns))
(and (eq (car-safe parse-ns) 'symbol-qnames)
(listp (cdr parse-ns))))
parse-ns)
(parse-ns
xml-default-ns))))
(cond
;; Processing instructions, like <?xml version="1.0"?>.
((looking-at-p "<\\?")
(search-forward "?>")
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(xml-parse-tag-1 parse-dtd xml-ns))
;; Character data (CDATA) sections, in which no tag should be interpreted
((looking-at "<!\\[CDATA\\[")
(let ((pos (match-end 0)))
(unless (search-forward "]]>" nil t)
(error "XML: (Not Well Formed) CDATA section does not end anywhere in the document"))
(concat
(buffer-substring-no-properties pos (match-beginning 0))
(xml-parse-string))))
;; DTD for the document
((looking-at-p "<!DOCTYPE[ \t\n\r]")
(let ((dtd (xml-parse-dtd parse-ns)))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(if xml-validating-parser
(cons dtd (xml-parse-tag-1 nil xml-ns))
(xml-parse-tag-1 nil xml-ns))))
;; skip comments
((looking-at-p "<!--")
(search-forward "-->")
;; FIXME: This loses the skipped-over spaces.
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(unless (eobp)
(let ((xml-sub-parser t))
(xml-parse-tag-1 parse-dtd xml-ns))))
;; end tag
((looking-at-p "</")
'())
;; opening tag
((looking-at (eval-when-compile (concat "<\\(" xml-name-re "\\)")))
(goto-char (match-end 1))
;; Parse this node
(let* ((node-name (match-string-no-properties 1))
;; Parse the attribute list.
(attrs (xml-parse-attlist xml-ns))
children)
;; add the xmlns:* attrs to our cache
(when (consp xml-ns)
(dolist (attr attrs)
(when (and (consp (car attr))
(equal "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
(caar attr)))
(push (cons (cdar attr) (cdr attr))
(if (symbolp (car xml-ns))
(cdr xml-ns)
xml-ns)))))
(setq children (list attrs (xml-maybe-do-ns node-name "" xml-ns)))
(cond
;; is this an empty element ?
((looking-at-p "/>")
(forward-char 2)
(nreverse children))
;; is this a valid start tag ?
((eq (char-after) ?>)
(forward-char 1)
;; Now check that we have the right end-tag.
(let ((end (concat "</" node-name "\\s-*>")))
(while (not (looking-at end))
(cond
((eobp)
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) End of document while reading element `%s'"
node-name))
((looking-at-p "</")
(forward-char 2)
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Invalid end tag `%s' (expecting `%s')"
(let ((pos (point)))
(buffer-substring pos (if (re-search-forward "\\s-*>" nil t)
(match-beginning 0)
(point-max))))
node-name))
;; Read a sub-element and push it onto CHILDREN.
((= (char-after) ?<)
(let ((tag (xml-parse-tag-1 nil xml-ns)))
(when tag
(push tag children))))
;; Read some character data.
(t
(let ((expansion (xml-parse-string)))
(push (if (stringp (car children))
;; If two strings were separated by a
;; comment, concat them.
(concat (pop children) expansion)
expansion)
children)))))
;; Move point past the end-tag.
(goto-char (match-end 0))
(nreverse children)))
;; Otherwise this was an invalid start tag (expected ">" not found.)
(t
(error "XML: (Well-Formed) Couldn't parse tag: %s"
(buffer-substring-no-properties (- (point) 10) (+ (point) 1)))))))
;; (Not one of PI, CDATA, Comment, End tag, or Start tag)
(t
(unless xml-sub-parser ; Usually, we error out.
(error "XML: (Well-Formed) Invalid character"))
;; However, if we're parsing incrementally, then we need to deal
;; with stray CDATA.
(let ((s (xml-parse-string)))
(when (zerop (length s))
;; We haven't consumed any input! We must throw an error in
;; order to prevent looping forever.
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Could not parse: %s"
(buffer-substring-no-properties
(point) (min (+ (point) 10) (point-max)))))
s)))))
(defun xml-parse-string ()
"Parse character data at point, and return it as a string.
Leave point at the start of the next thing to parse. This
function can modify the buffer by expanding entity and character
references."
(let ((start (point))
;; Keep track of the size of the rest of the buffer:
(old-remaining-size (- (buffer-size) (point)))
ref val)
(while (and (not (eobp))
(not (looking-at-p "<")))
;; Find the next < or & character.
(skip-chars-forward "^<&")
(when (eq (char-after) ?&)
;; If we find an entity or character reference, expand it.
(unless (looking-at xml-entity-or-char-ref-re)
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Invalid entity reference"))
;; For a character reference, the next entity or character
;; reference must be after the replacement. [4.6] "Numerical
;; character references are expanded immediately when
;; recognized and MUST be treated as character data."
(if (setq ref (match-string 2))
(progn ; Numeric char reference
(setq val (save-match-data
(string-to-number
ref (if (match-string 1) 16))))
(and (null val)
xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Invalid character reference `%s'"
(match-string 0)))
(replace-match (if val (string val) xml-undefined-entity) t t))
;; For an entity reference, search again from the start of
;; the replaced text, since the replacement can contain
;; entity or character references, or markup.
(setq ref (match-string 3)
val (assoc ref xml-entity-alist))
(and (null val)
xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Undefined entity `%s'" ref))
(replace-match (or (cdr val) xml-undefined-entity) t t)
(goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
;; Check for XML bombs.
(and xml-entity-expansion-limit
(> (- (buffer-size) (point))
(+ old-remaining-size xml-entity-expansion-limit))
(error "XML: Entity reference expansion \
surpassed `xml-entity-expansion-limit'"))))
;; [2.11] Clean up line breaks.
(let ((end-marker (point-marker)))
(goto-char start)
(while (re-search-forward "\r\n?" end-marker t)
(replace-match "\n" t t))
(goto-char end-marker)
(buffer-substring start (point)))))
(defun xml-parse-attlist (&optional xml-ns)
"Return the attribute-list after point.
Leave point at the first non-blank character after the tag."
(let ((attlist ())
end-pos name)
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(while (looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "\\(" xml-name-re "\\)\\s-*=\\s-*")))
(setq end-pos (match-end 0))
(setq name (xml-maybe-do-ns (match-string-no-properties 1) nil xml-ns))
(goto-char end-pos)
;; See also: https://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006#AVNormalize
;; Do we have a string between quotes (or double-quotes),
;; or a simple word ?
(if (looking-at "\"\\([^\"]*\\)\"")
(setq end-pos (match-end 0))
(if (looking-at "'\\([^']*\\)'")
(setq end-pos (match-end 0))
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Attribute values must be given between quotes")))
;; Each attribute must be unique within a given element
(if (assoc name attlist)
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Each attribute must be unique within an element"))
(let ((string (match-string-no-properties 1)))
(let ((expansion (xml-substitute-special string)))
(unless (stringp expansion)
;; We say this is the constraint. It is actually that
;; neither external entities nor "<" can be in an
;; attribute value.
(error "XML: (Not Well-Formed) Entities in attributes cannot expand into elements"))
(push (cons name expansion) attlist)))
(goto-char end-pos)
(skip-syntax-forward " "))
(nreverse attlist)))
;;; DTD (document type declaration)
;; The following functions know how to skip or parse the DTD of a
;; document. FIXME: it fails at least if the DTD contains conditional
;; sections.
(defun xml-skip-dtd ()
"Skip the DTD at point.
This follows the rule [28] in the XML specifications."
(let ((xml-validating-parser nil))
(xml-parse-dtd)))
(defun xml-parse-dtd (&optional _parse-ns)
"Parse the DTD at point."
(forward-char (eval-when-compile (length "<!DOCTYPE")))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(if (and (looking-at-p ">")
xml-validating-parser)
(error "XML: (Validity) Invalid DTD (expecting name of the document)"))
;; Get the name of the document
(looking-at xml-name-re)
(let ((dtd (list (match-string-no-properties 0) 'dtd))
(xml-parameter-entity-alist xml-parameter-entity-alist)
next-parameter-entity)
(goto-char (match-end 0))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
;; External subset (XML [75])
(cond ((looking-at "PUBLIC\\s-+")
(goto-char (match-end 0))
(unless (or (re-search-forward
"\\=\"\\([[:space:][:alnum:]'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%-]*\\)\""
nil t)
(re-search-forward
"\\='\\([[:space:][:alnum:]()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%-]*\\)'"
nil t))
(error "XML: Missing Public ID"))
(let ((pubid (match-string-no-properties 1)))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(unless (or (re-search-forward "\\='\\([^']*\\)'" nil t)
(re-search-forward "\\=\"\\([^\"]*\\)\"" nil t))
(error "XML: Missing System ID"))
(push (list pubid (match-string-no-properties 1) 'public) dtd)))
((looking-at "SYSTEM\\s-+")
(goto-char (match-end 0))
(unless (or (re-search-forward "\\='\\([^']*\\)'" nil t)
(re-search-forward "\\=\"\\([^\"]*\\)\"" nil t))
(error "XML: Missing System ID"))
(push (list (match-string-no-properties 1) 'system) dtd)))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(if (eq (char-after) ?>)
;; No internal subset
(forward-char)
;; Internal subset (XML [28b])
(unless (eq (char-after) ?\[)
(error "XML: Bad DTD"))
(forward-char)
;; [2.8]: "markup declarations may be made up in whole or in
;; part of the replacement text of parameter entities."
;; Since parameter entities are valid only within the DTD, we
;; first search for the position of the next possible parameter
;; entity. Then, search for the next DTD element; if it ends
;; before the next parameter entity, expand the parameter entity
;; and try again.
(setq next-parameter-entity
(save-excursion
(if (re-search-forward xml-pe-reference-re nil t)
(match-beginning 0))))
;; Parse the rest of the DTD
;; Fixme: Deal with NOTATION, PIs.
(while (not (looking-at-p "\\s-*\\]"))
(skip-syntax-forward " ")
(cond
((eobp)
(error "XML: (Well-Formed) End of document while reading DTD"))
;; Element declaration [45]:
((and (looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "<!ELEMENT\\s-+\\(" xml-name-re
"\\)\\s-+\\([^>]+\\)>")))
(or (null next-parameter-entity)
(<= (match-end 0) next-parameter-entity)))
(let ((element (match-string-no-properties 1))
(type (match-string-no-properties 2))
(end-pos (match-end 0)))
;; Translation of rule [46] of XML specifications
(cond
((string-match-p "\\`EMPTY\\s-*\\'" type) ; empty declaration
(setq type 'empty))
((string-match-p "\\`ANY\\s-*$" type) ; any type of contents
(setq type 'any))
((string-match "\\`(\\(.*\\))\\s-*\\'" type) ; children ([47])
(setq type (xml-parse-elem-type
(match-string-no-properties 1 type))))
((string-match-p "^%[^;]+;[ \t\n\r]*\\'" type) ; substitution
nil)
(xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Invalid element type in the DTD")))
;; rule [45]: the element declaration must be unique
(and (assoc element dtd)
xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) DTD element declarations must be unique (<%s>)"
element))
;; Store the element in the DTD
(push (list element type) dtd)
(goto-char end-pos)))
;; Attribute-list declaration [52] (currently unsupported):
((and (looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "<!ATTLIST[ \t\n\r]*\\(" xml-name-re
"\\)[ \t\n\r]*\\(" xml-att-def-re
"\\)*[ \t\n\r]*>")))
(or (null next-parameter-entity)
(<= (match-end 0) next-parameter-entity)))
(goto-char (match-end 0)))
;; Comments (skip to end, ignoring parameter entity):
((looking-at-p "<!--")
(search-forward "-->")
(and next-parameter-entity
(> (point) next-parameter-entity)
(setq next-parameter-entity
(save-excursion
(if (re-search-forward xml-pe-reference-re nil t)
(match-beginning 0))))))
;; Internal entity declarations:
((and (looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "<!ENTITY[ \t\n\r]+\\(%[ \t\n\r]+\\)?\\("
xml-name-re "\\)[ \t\n\r]*\\("
xml-entity-value-re "\\)[ \t\n\r]*>")))
(or (null next-parameter-entity)
(<= (match-end 0) next-parameter-entity)))
(let* ((name (prog1 (match-string-no-properties 2)
(goto-char (match-end 0))))
(alist (if (match-string 1)
'xml-parameter-entity-alist
'xml-entity-alist))
;; Retrieve the deplacement text:
(value (xml--entity-replacement-text
;; Entity value, sans quotation marks:
(substring (match-string-no-properties 3) 1 -1))))
;; If the same entity is declared more than once, the
;; first declaration is binding.
(unless (assoc name (symbol-value alist))
(set alist (cons (cons name value) (symbol-value alist))))))
;; External entity declarations (currently unsupported):
((and (or (looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "<!ENTITY[ \t\n\r]+\\(%[ \t\n\r]+\\)?\\("
xml-name-re "\\)[ \t\n\r]+SYSTEM[ \t\n\r]+"
"\\(\"[^\"]*\"\\|'[^']*'\\)[ \t\n\r]*>")))
(looking-at (eval-when-compile
(concat "<!ENTITY[ \t\n\r]+\\(%[ \t\n\r]+\\)?\\("
xml-name-re "\\)[ \t\n\r]+PUBLIC[ \t\n\r]+"
"\"[- \r\na-zA-Z0-9'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]*\""
"\\|'[- \r\na-zA-Z0-9()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]*'"
"[ \t\n\r]+\\(\"[^\"]*\"\\|'[^']*'\\)"
"[ \t\n\r]*>"))))
(or (null next-parameter-entity)
(<= (match-end 0) next-parameter-entity)))
(goto-char (match-end 0)))
;; If a parameter entity is in the way, expand it.
(next-parameter-entity
(save-excursion
(goto-char next-parameter-entity)
(unless (looking-at xml-pe-reference-re)
(error "XML: Internal error"))
(let* ((entity (match-string 1))
(elt (assoc entity xml-parameter-entity-alist)))
(if elt
(progn
(replace-match (cdr elt) t t)
;; The replacement can itself be a parameter entity.
(goto-char next-parameter-entity))
(goto-char (match-end 0))))
(setq next-parameter-entity
(if (re-search-forward xml-pe-reference-re nil t)
(match-beginning 0)))))
;; Anything else is garbage (ignored if not validating).
(xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Invalid DTD item"))
(t
(skip-chars-forward "^]"))))
(if (looking-at "\\s-*]>")
(goto-char (match-end 0))))
(nreverse dtd)))
(defun xml--entity-replacement-text (string)
"Return the replacement text for the entity value STRING.
The replacement text is obtained by replacing character
references and parameter-entity references."
(let ((ref-re (eval-when-compile
(concat "\\(?:&#\\([0-9]+\\)\\|&#x\\([[:xdigit:]]+\\)\\|%\\("
xml-name-re "\\)\\);")))
children)
(while (string-match ref-re string)
(push (substring string 0 (match-beginning 0)) children)
(let ((remainder (substring string (match-end 0)))
ref val)
(cond ((setq ref (match-string 1 string))
;; Decimal character reference
(setq val (string-to-number ref))
(if val (push (string val) children)))
;; Hexadecimal character reference
((setq ref (match-string 2 string))
(setq val (string-to-number ref 16))
(if val (push (string val) children)))
;; Parameter entity reference
((setq ref (match-string 3 string))
(setq val (assoc ref xml-parameter-entity-alist))
(and (null val)
xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Undefined parameter entity `%s'" ref))
(push (or (cdr val) xml-undefined-entity) children)))
(setq string remainder)))
(mapconcat 'identity (nreverse (cons string children)) "")))
(defun xml-parse-elem-type (string)
"Convert element type STRING into a Lisp structure."
(let (elem modifier)
(if (string-match "(\\([^)]+\\))\\([+*?]?\\)" string)
(progn
(setq elem (match-string-no-properties 1 string)
modifier (match-string-no-properties 2 string))
(if (string-search "|" elem)
(setq elem (cons 'choice
(mapcar 'xml-parse-elem-type
(split-string elem "|"))))
(if (string-search "," elem)
(setq elem (cons 'seq
(mapcar 'xml-parse-elem-type
(split-string elem ",")))))))
(if (string-match "[ \t\n\r]*\\([^+*?]+\\)\\([+*?]?\\)" string)
(setq elem (match-string-no-properties 1 string)
modifier (match-string-no-properties 2 string))))
(if (and (stringp elem) (string= elem "#PCDATA"))
(setq elem 'pcdata))
(cond
((string= modifier "+")
(list '+ elem))
((string= modifier "*")
(list '* elem))
((string= modifier "?")
(list '\? elem))
(t
elem))))
;;; Substituting special XML sequences
(defun xml-substitute-special (string)
"Return STRING, after substituting entity and character references.
STRING is assumed to occur in an XML attribute value."
(let ((strlen (length string))
children)
(while (string-match xml-entity-or-char-ref-re string)
(push (substring string 0 (match-beginning 0)) children)
(let* ((remainder (substring string (match-end 0)))
(is-hex (match-string 1 string)) ; Is it a hex numeric reference?
(ref (match-string 2 string))) ; Numeric part of reference
(if ref
;; [4.6] Character references are included as
;; character data.
(let ((val (string-to-number ref (if is-hex 16))))
(push (cond (val (string val))
(xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Undefined character `x%s'" ref))
(t xml-undefined-entity))
children)
(setq string remainder
strlen (length string)))
;; [4.4.5] Entity references are "included in literal".
;; Note that we don't need do anything special to treat
;; quotes as normal data characters.
(setq ref (match-string 3 string)) ; entity name
(let ((val (or (cdr (assoc ref xml-entity-alist))
(if xml-validating-parser
(error "XML: (Validity) Undefined entity `%s'" ref)
xml-undefined-entity))))
(setq string (concat val remainder)))
(and xml-entity-expansion-limit
(> (length string) (+ strlen xml-entity-expansion-limit))
(error "XML: Passed `xml-entity-expansion-limit' while expanding `&%s;'"
ref)))))
(mapconcat 'identity (nreverse (cons string children)) "")))
(defun xml-substitute-numeric-entities (string)
"Substitute SGML numeric entities by their respective utf characters.
This function replaces numeric entities in the input STRING and
returns the modified string. For example \"&#42;\" gets replaced
by \"*\"."
(if (and string (stringp string))
(let ((start 0))
(while (string-match "&#\\([0-9]+\\);" string start)
(ignore-errors
(setq string (replace-match
(string (read (substring string
(match-beginning 1)
(match-end 1))))
nil nil string)))
(setq start (1+ (match-beginning 0))))
string)
nil))
;;; Printing a parse tree (mainly for debugging).
(defun xml-debug-print (xml &optional indent-string)
"Outputs the XML in the current buffer.
XML can be a tree or a list of nodes.
The first line is indented with the optional INDENT-STRING."
(setq indent-string (or indent-string ""))
(dolist (node xml)
(xml-debug-print-internal node indent-string)))
(defalias 'xml-print 'xml-debug-print)
(defconst xml-invalid-characters-re
"[^\u0009\u000A\u000D\u0020-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFD\U00010000-\U0010FFFF]")
(defun xml-escape-string (string &optional noerror)
"Convert STRING into a string containing valid XML character data.
Replace occurrences of &<>\\='\" in STRING with their default XML
entity references (e.g., replace each & with &amp;).
XML character data must not contain & or < characters, nor the >
character under some circumstances. The XML spec does not impose
restriction on \" or \\=', but we just substitute for these too
\(as is permitted by the spec).
If STRING contains characters that are invalid in XML (as defined
by https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#charsets), operate depending on the
value of NOERROR: if it is non-nil, remove them; else, signal an
error of type `xml-invalid-character'."
(with-temp-buffer
(insert string)
(goto-char (point-min))
(while (re-search-forward xml-invalid-characters-re nil t)
(if noerror
(replace-match "")
(signal 'xml-invalid-character
(list (char-before) (match-beginning 0)))))
(dolist (substitution '(("&" . "&amp;")
("<" . "&lt;")
(">" . "&gt;")
("'" . "&apos;")
("\"" . "&quot;")))
(goto-char (point-min))
(while (search-forward (car substitution) nil t)
(replace-match (cdr substitution) t t nil)))
(buffer-string)))
(define-error 'xml-invalid-character "Invalid XML character"
'wrong-type-argument)
(defun xml-debug-print-internal (xml indent-string)
"Outputs the XML tree in the current buffer.
The first line is indented with INDENT-STRING."
(let ((tree xml)
attlist)
(insert indent-string ?< (symbol-name (xml-node-name tree)))
;; output the attribute list
(setq attlist (xml-node-attributes tree))
(while attlist
(insert ?\ (symbol-name (caar attlist)) "=\""
(xml-escape-string (cdar attlist)) ?\")
(setq attlist (cdr attlist)))
(setq tree (xml-node-children tree))
(if (null tree)
(insert ?/ ?>)
(insert ?>)
;; output the children
(dolist (node tree)
(cond
((listp node)
(insert ?\n)
(xml-debug-print-internal node (concat indent-string " ")))
((stringp node)
(insert (xml-escape-string node)))
(t
(error "Invalid XML tree"))))
(when (not (and (null (cdr tree))
(stringp (car tree))))
(insert ?\n indent-string))
(insert ?< ?/ (symbol-name (xml-node-name xml)) ?>))))
;;;###autoload
(defun xml-remove-comments (beg end)
"Remove XML/HTML comments in the region between BEG and END.
All text between the <!-- ... --> markers will be removed."
(save-excursion
(save-restriction
(narrow-to-region beg end)
(goto-char beg)
(while (search-forward "<!--" nil t)
(let ((start (match-beginning 0)))
(when (search-forward "-->" nil t)
(delete-region start (point))))))))
(provide 'xml)
;;; xml.el ends here
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