215 lines
9.2 KiB
HTML
215 lines
9.2 KiB
HTML
<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<title>3. Preprocessing</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Frontpage.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="languages.css">
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
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<link rel="home" href="sleigh.html" title="SLEIGH">
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<link rel="up" href="sleigh.html" title="SLEIGH">
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<link rel="prev" href="sleigh_layout.html" title="2. Basic Specification Layout">
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<link rel="next" href="sleigh_definitions.html" title="4. Basic Definitions">
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
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<div class="navheader">
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<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
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<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">3. Preprocessing</th></tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="20%" align="left">
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<a accesskey="p" href="sleigh_layout.html">Prev</a> </td>
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<th width="60%" align="center"> </th>
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<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sleigh_definitions.html">Next</a>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<hr>
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</div>
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<div class="sect1">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
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<a name="sleigh_preprocessing"></a>3. Preprocessing</h2></div></div></div>
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<p>
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SLEIGH provides support for simple file inclusion, macros, and other
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basic preprocessing functions. These are all invoked with directives
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that start with the ‘@’ character, which must be the first character
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in the line.
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</p>
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<div class="sect2">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="sleigh_including_files"></a>3.1. Including Files</h3></div></div></div>
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<p>
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In general a single SLEIGH specification is contained in a single
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file, and the compiler is invoked on one file at a time. Multiple
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files can be put together for one specification by using
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the <span class="bold"><strong>@include</strong></span> directive. This must
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appear at the beginning of the line and is followed by the path name
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of the file to be included, enclosed in double quotes.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><code class="code">@include "example.slaspec"</code></div>
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<p>
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Parsing proceeds as if the entire line is replaced with the contents
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of the indicated file. Multiple inclusions are possible, and the
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included files can have their
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own <span class="bold"><strong>@include</strong></span> directives.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="sect2">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="idm140526920968368"></a>3.2. Preprocessor Macros</h3></div></div></div>
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<p>
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SLEIGH allows simple (unparameterized) macro definitions and
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expansions. A macro definition occurs on one line and starts with
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the <span class="bold"><strong>@define</strong></span> directive. This is
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followed by an identifier for the macro and then a string to which the
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macro should expand. The string must either be a proper identifier
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itself or surrounded with double quotes. The macro can then be
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expanded with typical “$(identifier)” syntax at any other point in the
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specification following the definition.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
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@define ENDIAN "big"
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<span class="weak">...</span>
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define endian=$(ENDIAN);
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</pre></div>
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<p>
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This example defines a macro identified as <span class="emphasis"><em>ENDIAN</em></span>
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with the string “big”, and then expands the macro in a later SLEIGH
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statement. Macro definitions can also be made from the command line
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and in the “.spec” file, allowing multiple specification variations to
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be derived from one file. SLEIGH also has
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an <span class="bold"><strong>@undef</strong></span> directive which removes the
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definition of a macro from that point on in the file.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><code class="code">@undef ENDIAN</code></div>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="sect2">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="idm140526920961536"></a>3.3. Conditional Compilation</h3></div></div></div>
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<p>
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SLEIGH supports several directives that allow conditional inclusion of
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parts of a specification, based on the existence of a macro, or its
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value. The lines of the specification to be conditionally included are
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bounded by one of the <span class="bold"><strong>@if...</strong></span>
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directives described below and at the bottom by
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the <span class="bold"><strong>@endif</strong></span> directive. If the
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condition described by the <span class="bold"><strong>@if...</strong></span>
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directive is true, the bounded lines are evaluated as part of the
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specification, otherwise they are skipped. Nesting of these directives
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is allowed: a
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second <span class="bold"><strong>@if...</strong></span> <span class="bold"><strong>@endif</strong></span>
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pair can occur inside an initial <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span>
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and <span class="bold"><strong>@endif</strong></span>.
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</p>
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<div class="sect3">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
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<a name="idm140526920955392"></a>3.3.1. @ifdef and @ifndef</h4></div></div></div>
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<p>
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The <span class="bold"><strong>@ifdef</strong></span> directive is followed by a
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macro identifier and evaluates to true if the macro is defined.
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The <span class="bold"><strong>@ifndef</strong></span> directive is similar
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except it evaluates to true if the macro identifier
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is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> defined.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
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@ifdef ENDIAN
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define endian=$(ENDIAN);
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@else
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define endian=little;
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@endif
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</pre></div>
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<p>
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This directive can only take a single identifier as an argument, any
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other form is flagged as an error. For logically combining a test of
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whether a macro is defined with other tests, use
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the <span class="bold"><strong>defined</strong></span> operator in
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an <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span>
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or <span class="bold"><strong>@elif</strong></span> directive (See below).
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="sect3">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
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<a name="idm140526920949120"></a>3.3.2. @if</h4></div></div></div>
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<p>
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The <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span> directive is followed by a
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boolean expression with macros as the variables and strings as the
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constants. Comparisons between macros and strings are currently
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limited to string equality or inequality. But individual comparisons
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can be combined arbitrarily using parentheses and the boolean
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operators ‘&&’, ‘||’, and ‘^^’. These represent a <span class="emphasis"><em>logical
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and</em></span>, a <span class="emphasis"><em>logical or</em></span>, and
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a <span class="emphasis"><em>logical exclusive-or</em></span> operation respectively. It
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is possible to test whether a particular macro is defined within the
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boolean expression for an <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span>
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directive, by using the <span class="bold"><strong>defined</strong></span>
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operator. This exists as a keyword and a functional operator only
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within a preprocessor boolean
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expression. The <span class="bold"><strong>defined</strong></span> keyword takes
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as argument a macro identifier, and it evaluates to true if the macro
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is defined.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
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@if defined(X_EXTENSION) || (VERSION == "5")
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...
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@endif
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</pre></div>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="sect3">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
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<a name="idm140526920942032"></a>3.3.3. @else and @elif</h4></div></div></div>
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<p>
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An <span class="bold"><strong>@else</strong></span> directive splits the lines
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bounded by an <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span> directive and
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an <span class="bold"><strong>@endif</strong></span> directive into two
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parts. The first part is included in the processing if the
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initial <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span> directive evaluates to
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true, otherwise the second part is included.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <span class="bold"><strong>@elif</strong></span> directive splits the
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bounded lines up as with <span class="bold"><strong>@else</strong></span>, but
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the second part is included only if the
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previous <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span> was false and the
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condition specified in the <span class="bold"><strong>@elif</strong></span>
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itself is true. Between one <span class="bold"><strong>@if</strong></span>
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and <span class="bold"><strong>@endif</strong></span> pair, there can be
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multiple <span class="bold"><strong>@elif</strong></span> directives, but only
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one <span class="bold"><strong>@else</strong></span>, which must occur after all
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the <span class="bold"><strong>@elif</strong></span> directives.
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</p>
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<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
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@if PROCESSOR == “mips”
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@ define ENDIAN “big”
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@elif ((PROCESSOR==”x86”)&&(OS!=”win”))
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@ define ENDIAN “little”
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@else
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@ define ENDIAN “unknown”
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@endif
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</pre></div>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="navfooter">
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<hr>
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<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
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<tr>
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<td width="40%" align="left">
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<a accesskey="p" href="sleigh_layout.html">Prev</a> </td>
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<td width="20%" align="center"> </td>
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<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sleigh_definitions.html">Next</a>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">2. Basic Specification Layout </td>
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<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="sleigh.html">Home</a></td>
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<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 4. Basic Definitions</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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